Montezuma's revenge is the colloquial term for any cases of traveler's diarrhea contracted by tourists visiting Mexico. The name humorously refers to Montezuma II (1466-1520), the Tlatoani (ruler) of the Aztec civilization who was defeated by Hernándo Cortés the Spanish conquistador.
It is estimated that 40% of foreign traveler vacations in Mexico are disrupted by infection. Most cases are mild and resolve in a few days with no treatment. Severe or extended cases, however, may result in extensive fluid loss and/or dangerous electrolytic imbalance which pose a severe medical risk and may prove fatal if mismanaged. The oversight of a medical professional is advised.
Not all water supplies in Mexico are contaminated and many hotels have water purification systems that eliminate risk. Certain resort destinations also have large-scale water purification systems which provide safe water city-wide. Roadside and popular food stalls specifically should be avoided.
da Wikipedia.
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